Glorieta Pass, NM
[Battle of Glorieta Pass by Roy Anderson - Courtesy of Wikipedia]
Date(s):
March 26-28, 1862
Location:
Please click on link below for map.
Glorieta Pass (pass), New Mexico, United States
Campaign(s):
Sibley’s New Mexico Campaign [1862]
Battles in
Campaign:
Situation:
Commanders:
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Union:
Maj. John C. Chivington and Col. John P. Slough
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Confederate:
Maj. Charles L. Pyron and Lt. Col. William R. Scurry
Principal Forces:
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Union:
Northern Division, Army of New Mexico
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Confederate:
4th, 5th, and 7th Texas Cavalry Regiment, artillery, and a company of
independent volunteers
Description:
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Glorieta Pass was a strategic location, situated at the
southern tip of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, southeast of Santa Fe,
and on the Santa Fe Trail.
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In March 1862, a Confederate force of 200-300
Texans under the command of Maj. Charles L. Pyron camped at Johnson’s
Ranch, at one end of the pass.
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Union Maj. John M. Chivington led more than
400 soldiers to the Pass and on the morning of March 26th moved out to attack.
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The two forces engaged in the afternoon, with Chivington’s men
flanking the Confederate troops and capturing the rearguard.
Chivington retired and camped at Kozlowski’s
Ranch.
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Reinforcements arrived the next day
with Lt. Col. William R. Scurry’s troops
increasing the
Confederate forces to about 1,100 while Union Col. John P. Slough arrived with
about 900 men.
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Both Slough and
Scurry decided to attack and set out early
on the 28th to do so.
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The fighting continued the next day with Scurry's
Confederates repulsing the Union attack and driving
Slough back to Kozlowski’s
Ranch.
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Scurry thought he had won the battle,
however, he discovered that Chivington’s men had destroyed all
Scurry’s supplies and animals at
Johnson’s Ranch.
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Although Scurry had won the day he was forced to retreat to Santa Fe and
then to San Antonio, Texas.
-
The Union victory at Glorieta Pass was the turning point of the war in the
New Mexico Territory and stopped Confederate incursions into the Southwest.
Photo Gallery:1
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Roadside marker describing the Battle of Glorieta Pass
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Description of the Battles - Pecos National Historical Park
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Painting of the Battle of Glorieta Pass - Pecos National Historical Park
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Union troops destroy Confederate supply trains - Pecos National Historical Park
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Civil War troops in New Mexico - Pecos National Historical Park
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Map of Battle of Glorieta Pass - Pecos National Historical Park
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The Civil War in the Pecos Valley - Pecos National Historical Park
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Items found at the Glorieta Battlefield - Pecos National Historical Park
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Description of battle at site of future visitor center and proposed walking tour
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Description of monuments at site
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Colorado Monument
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Texas Monument
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Site of Future Visitor Center
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Site of Future Visitor Center
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Buildings from Pigeon's Ranch
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Well at Pigeon's Ranch
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Buildings from Pigeon's Ranch
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Classification2:
A
Casualties3:
-
Union:
142
-
Confederate:
189
Results:
Union
Victory
Battlefield Websites:
Recommended
Resources:
1 Please click on the image to
enlarge it. You may copy the images if you include the following note and link
with each image: "Courtesy of
civil-war-journeys.org."
2
Classification:
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A
- having a decisive influence on a
campaign and a direct impact on the course of the war
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B -
having a direct and decisive influence on their campaign
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C -
having observable influence on the
outcome of a campaign
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D
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having a limited influence on the
outcome of their campaign or operation but achieving or affecting important
local objectives
3 Casualties are
someone killed, injured, wounded, captured or missing.
Revised
07/17/2008 |
